【Design】狐狸太太日記

The History of the Cartoon Introduction

Cartoon (humorous drawing), pictorial sketch or caricature, by implication humorous or satirical, and usually published in a newspaper, magazine, or periodical. Its modern sense in the 19th century, satirical and humorous drawings of all kinds were referred to as caricatures. Today caricature is used mostly to refer to distorted portraiture that emphasizes the characteristic traits of an individual

TYPE

The three specific kinds of drawing.
These are the political, or editorial, cartoon

 

1. The main daily or weekly pictorial comment in a newspaper or magazine
2. Referring to a current political or social issue.
   The pocket cartoona single-column drawing on a topical subject, often on the front page of a newspaper.
3. The single-joke, or gag, cartoon, which relies for its effect on amusing social commentary or wordplay.
   

Beyond these central forms, the term cartoon has also been applied to comics, television and film animation, multi-frame jokes published in newspapers, continuity strips, graphic novels, humorous advertising, humorous book and magazine illustrations, and satirical puppetry.

 

The Origins of Cartoons

What may be seen as possibly the earliest political cartoon is an anonymous woodcut entitled Le Revers du Jeu des Suysses (The Other Side of the Swiss Game), produced in 1499. In this, the pope, the Holy Roman Emperor, and the kings of France and England can be seen playing cards while, under the table, a Swiss soldier stacks the decks in a satirical commentary on French ambitions in Italy (the support of elite Swiss soldiers was essential to France ). At about the same time, Pope Alexander VI was depicted as a devil and in another drawing a Jesuit priest is given a wolfs head. Perhaps the most memorable caricature of this periodand one exactly datable and attributable to a known artistwas an anti-Protestant woodcut by Erhard Schoen of 1521, showing the Devil playing a pair of bagpipes, the bellows of which are depicted as the head of Martin Luther.

 

A number of other artists of this period also produced heavily allegorical and often fantastical drawings which have resonances in the modern cartoon. However, it was in Italy at the hands of the Carracci family and others such as Pier Leone Ghezzithe first artist to earn a living solely by this kind of workthat the modern cartoon can be said to have been moulded. It was also in Italy that these early caricaturas flourished, and almost uniquely so until collections of such drawings (especially those of Ghezzi) found their way across Europe, and Hogarth began his sequence of modern moral subjects in England in the 1730s.